Pet Overpopulation Epidemic

Persuasive Speech Topic: Pet Overpopulation Epidemic General Purpose: To persuade. Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that the public is to blame for the pet overpopulation epidemic. Central Idea: In order to control the overwhelming population of homeless pets, we need to stop throwing our â€Å"family friends† away. There are 1. 5 dogs and cats put to sleep every second & 4-6 million dogs and cats are euthanized every year, states the Humane Society. The pet overpopulation epidemic has become more than overwhelming. But who is at fault for the ever increasing number of homeless and euthanized pets each year?The public, government and breeders all have their hand in this catastrophic epidemic. So who is to blame for this epidemic? Since government intervention has caused more harm than foul, what will need to change in order for anything to improve? The pet overpopulation epidemic is not a myth, not something to be swept under the rug or shamelessly forgotten. This epi demic is our making and therefore our responsibility. So where does the problem really lie? One would think its 100% the fault of breeders and those multitudes of litters. But no, that is not the route of the problem, not by a long shot.Breeders are the effect of the problem, and the massive pet overpopulation is the aftermath. Yes, breeders, as a whole, are breeding more litters than there are homes for, yet, they are selling them. So why is that, why are breeders selling their litters when there's a worldwide pet overpopulation problem? Because people do not look at the purchase of a puppy or kitten as a lifelong commitment. Puppies and kittens are so cute, most are purchased on impulse. Who could, after all, resist that cute little face? Yes, the problem lies with the general public who, do not research, and buy these pets without thoroughly thinking it through.Without doing their homework on the type of pet they should get, and without taking the time to learn what a dog really needs in order to be that perfect dog. They later â€Å"Get Rid† of their pet, passing them onto rescues or pounds. Later, most will end up â€Å"Testing Out† a different type of pet. The vast majority of people, who adopt a puppy or kitten, do not keep the animal for life. If this were to turn around and most people were to actually keep their pets through the good times and the bad, as they do their own children, the demand for these animals would go down.With less of a demand, breeders would not breed as many litters. Breeders are only breeding as many litters as they do, because people are buying them. The demand for a cute little puppy or kitten is great, because people do not keep the animal for life. Animals are recycled. If a breeder had a litter and could not sell the puppies, they would not keep having litter after litter. People are buying them, so breeders are breeding them. In a perfect world, breeders would breed less and force people to adopt from an ani mal rescue, but this is not a perfect world.The solution lies with the general public educating themselves, supply and demand, that's the solution. Lessen the demand and the supply will, on its own, lessen. The power lies within each and every one of us. Scripted by Kim Sturla (of the San Mateo ordinance fame) and her continual cross-country junketing preaching her message: â€Å"The problem is simple: we have too many dogs and cats. Too many for too few homes. † Another contributing factor to this huge problem is government intervention. The state run dog pounds make it way took easy to unload the responsibility of owning a pet onto someone else.Most people could â€Å"Get Rid† of their dogs in one day. Almost anyone can take their pets to the pound. It is very easy to â€Å"Get Rid† of a dog or cat at a local state run kill shelter (dog & cat pound), but it's not so easy to adopt a dog from one. Some years back my cousin went to a state run dog pound near his work and tried to adopt a dog. He was told it was the dogs last day, yes it was going to be killed the next day. My husband told the shelter he wanted to adopt the dog. Upon doing his paperwork he was told he could not adopt the dog because he didn't live in that county.He explained he worked down the street, didn't live in the county but worked there. No, that was not acceptable; he was not allowed to adopt the dog. The pound was going to kill the dog, but would not adopt it out to a man who lived in the next county over. These state run pounds have all kinds of rules and restrictions in place for adopting a pet, but not for dumping one. Yes, they will take your pet, and they will also kill it for you. Know if you take your dog or cat to one of these pounds chances are extremely high it will be dead in a month.The majority of cats and dogs who are taken to this state run kill shelters are not adopted out, but are killed. One might as well save the tax payers some money and kill the animals themselves. Sound harsh? Yes, it is, so don't take your pets to the pound. You took on this responsibility, now you must deal with it without dumping your problems onto someone else. What needs to change, the attitude of the general public. When one decides to buy a cute little puppy or kitten, the decision should be looked at as a 10-15 year commitment.If one cannot, or does not, wish to commit this amount of time to a dog or cat, do not buy a puppy or kitten, and then pass your problem off to someone else when it grows up and the situation does not work out as you envisioned it would. Just like when one decides to have a human baby, things will not be perfect. The child will not be perfect. They will be expensive and press us to the end with issues to deal with. Dogs and cats are not disposable and they are not all the same. Chances are, a type of dog that will fit into your lifestyle will not be the type of dog that will fit into your neighbor’s lifestyle.Sometime s there is no type of dog that will fit into your lifestyle, and if you want a pet, it’s time to consider something else, something less demanding. This research should be done before you adopt a pet, it should not be a trial and error experience. With the internet so readily available, there is no excuse for not researching BEFORE adopting a pet. It should be made harder to dump unwanted animals off at these state pounds, putting more responsibility on the pet owner. Maybe than people would think twice about buying a puppy or kitten when they were not sure if they were ready for the responsibility of owning one for life.These state run shelters are hurting the pet overpopulation problem more than they are helping. The world would be a better place if there were not an easy place to dump your pets after you got tired of them. Let private no kill rescues work with people who think they want to dump their dog. It needs to be harder for someone to dump an unwanted pet and never look back. If you would like to try owning a dog or cat, but are not sure if you are a dog / cat person, start with a full grown homeless dog or cat rather than adopting a puppy or kitten.Grown cats and dogs are easier to care for than kittens and puppies and you will not be contributing to the overpopulation problem should you decide it was not something you should have taken on. There are millions of wonderful dogs and cats that need homes. People who adopt a cute little puppy or kitten without researching, how a dog thinks, the type of pet they are getting, the care, time and responsibility it will need, and end up â€Å"Getting Rid† of your pet after it has outgrown that cute puppy or kitten stage, using one of the many common excuses for not keeping a pet, it is you who are the problem for the worlds pet overpopulation.Bibliography American Humane Association. Adoption & Pet Care: Issues and information. 2009. 5 11 2010 . Avery, Gladys. â€Å"Overpopulation – The Importance of Spaying and Neutering. † 22 July 2007. I Heart Paws. 5 November 2010 . Humane Society. Pet Over Population. 2010. 18 11 2010 . Mansuso, Judie. â€Å"One of the most frequent questions asked about SB 250 is. † n. d. SB:250. 5 November 2010 . Pennington, Ian. â€Å"Facts on Pet Overpopulation. † n. d. Eziine @rticles. 10 11 2010 . Sadler, Anna. â€Å"Pet Overpopulation — A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy? † September 1994. The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc. 10 11 2010 .

Penn Square Bank & Down Corning Bankruptcy Essay

According to Norm Bowie, â€Å"sometimes being moral enhances the bottom line rather than reduces it† (Hartman, 2005, p108). Unfortunately, in the instances of Penn Square Bank and the Dow Corning bankruptcy, that may not have been the case. The following will examine the particulars of these situations and discuss the ethical issues present for each. Penn Square Bank Penn Square Bank was a small bank that played a large role in the Oklahoma banking crisis of the early 1980s. In an effort to maximize on the profits of the booming oil industry, the upper management of Penn Square Bank cut corners in several areas of its new lending division. Documentation to support million-dollar loans became lax. Collateral valuation and revenue recognition was severely over estimated without verification of the documentation to support such claims. Loan contracts were with casual deals and unspecific terms. Credit was extended based upon unverified personal letters paid for by the client. These documentation errors led to loans not properly secured (Caskey, 1985). In addition, Penn Square was more and more money, which facilitated errors in revenue recognition as the bank accepted over estimated valuation claims without requiring loan or interest payments. Thus, on paper the bank looked successful without ever possessing the funds to support its lending endeavors. Finally, credit was extended without true verification of asset valuation or proper documentation, and re-extended when the client could not produce the payments necessary to support the lofty loans (Caskey, 1985). Each of Penn Square Bank’s actions represents a form of financial statement fraud, which led to its downfall in 1982. According to Fraud Examination, there are three ways to deter financial statement fraud: (1) reduce the pressure to commit the fraud, (2) reduce the opportunity to commit the fraud, and (3) reduce the rationalization of the fraud (Wells, 2005). However, in this instance, most if not all of the fraud committed can be attributed to demanding goals set by Penn State Bank owner, Bill Jennings. As explained by Hartman, the â€Å"driving force† of â€Å"profit maximization† created a business environment to facilitate fraud (2005). Because profit was the sole motivator, documentation was inadequate, collateral valuation and revenue recognition was overstated, and credit extension was unverified and inferior. Instead,  Penn Square Bank should have considered the following measures: †¢An oversight or review board should be been established to oversee verification of credit or collateral valuation and determine the risk associated with each loan. †¢Documentation requirements should have been heavily enforced and maintained by the review board. †¢Contract and loan deals should have been regulated to the office with strict documentation requirements. †¢Disclosures should have been made regarding the lack of loan and interest payments. †¢Asset valuation and revenue recognition should have been accurately portrayed to investors, clients, and potential buyers. †¢Upper management should have established company ethical standards and enforced these standards with strict consequences for violation without exception. Unfortunately, all the measures to deter fraud that should have been considered were undermined by the owner’s overwhelming demand for success. Thus, Jennings’ need to maximize profits and increase sales created the pressure, opportunity, and rationalization to commit each action of fraud. Dow Corning Bankruptcy Dow Corning Corporation is the big name in silicone and silicone-based material production. But in 1995, the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy to protect itself from lawsuits regarding their silicone-based breast implants. Some advocated that the action was an effort to â€Å"avoid compensating women for their injuries† (Book review, 1996, p7). However, according to Hartman, Chapter 11 bankruptcy is intended to protect companies from creditors while it undergoes restructuring in an effort to stave off liquidation. By doing so, the company continues business, pays taxes, and provide jobs but is allowed time to reorganize to triumph over its economic hardship (Hartman, 2005). The ethical challenge is to use Chapter 11 as it is intended – as a restructuring tool to avoid losing everything – rather than file for Chapter 11 as a way of cheating its creditors out of owed money. Hartman suggests that what is ethical in regard to bankruptcy is to go beyond what the laws require and uphold the debt agreements made with creditors (Hartman, 2005). Dow Corning seemed to have that same perspective. Nine years later the company emerged from bankruptcy after settling the lawsuits for a payout of $3.3 billion over the next 15 years (Arndt, 2004). During the time under Chapter 11, the company reorganized  itself to refocus silicone production to develop fabrics, materials, and pharmaceutical products (Arndt, 2004). These sales and expanding markets will help Dow Corning to pay its debts to the 300,000 women named in the settlement (Sissell, 2004). Thus, Dow Corning is Chapter 11 bankruptcy free but still upholding its ethical obligation to the wronged party and its creditors. Although Dow Corning’s actions following the Chapter 11 emergence was ethically sound, its actions leading to the filing was anything but. Problems with Dow Corning’s silicone breast implants began as early as 1984 when they lost a lawsuit claiming the implant caused medical illness such as autoimmune disease. During the investigation for this lawsuit, lawyers found evidence showing Dow Corning executives were aware of complaints from doctors, concerns about the lack of long-term testing, and cases of the implant bursting during surgery. In addition, the study that supposedly proved the effectiveness and safety of the product revealed detrimental long-term effects on the animals under experimentation (Book review, 1996). However, throughout all the breast implant concerns, Down Corning continued to advocate the safety of their product going as far as to hire high profile and extremely expensive teams of legal and public relations specialists. In addition, allegations were present of executives attempting to destroy damning internal documents suggesting upper management was trying to cover up its liability in the claims. The 1984 lawsuit found Dow Corning guilty of fraud and deceit stating the company provided inferior and incomplete information by understating the risks to make an informed decision (Book review, 1996). More important, it revealed the unethical behavior of the executives and company as a whole.

Impact of the European Economic Crisis

What determines whether or not a resource is scarce? Why is the concept of scarcity important to the definition of economics? The determination of whether a resource is scarce is its supply in relation to demand such as land, labor capital and human capital. If there is not sufficient amount of resource to satisfy the demands, then resources are set to be scarce. On the other hand if supply exceeds it demand, then the resource is not scare not only that if the supply of a goods or service is low, the market price will rise, providing there is sufficient demand from consumers. Goods and services that are in plentiful supply will have a lover market value because supply can easily meet the demand from consumer. However there is excess supply in a market, then we can expect to see price fall. The concept of scarcity is because in order to differentiate good in relation to the market, because of the scarcity of resources we need an economic system to determine where and who gets the resources. In capitalism it is the free market system that determines this. In socialism the government owns the resources and determines who gets them. . In the coordinate system of graphs, there are two main relationships between two variables. With the use of numerical examples, describe these two relationships. The two variables is positive means when two variables changes in the same direction and negative means when two variables changes in opposite directions, the relationship is when one variable rises the other variable falls. Positive relations is to say the I need to ex ercise 5 hrs a week to loss 2lbs so the next week I will have to work 10 hrs a week to loss 4lbs and 15 hrs to loss 6lbs so on. Negative is buy 1 CD for $5 and when you by three it is 10 so you will pay $3. 33 for one CD on so on . 3. Why is choice important in economics? What are the costs of choice? Choice is important in economics because of is the scarcity of goods in the marketplace. Scarcity means that goods are limited in the marketplace, and consumers must choose wisely which items they will purchase to meet their needs or wants. Consumers will place an internal value on goods they purchase partly based on the available amount of the good. Scarcer goods will force consumers to purchase these items first, making the economic choice easier for them. Cost choice is the value given up when choosing to purchase one item over another. The item not purchased represents an opportunity cost, the second-best item available, that the consumer lost purchasing a different item. For example you have to buy $100 worth of groceries but you only have 75, so you decide to forgo and buy the necessary basic food item that is needed like bread, milk, water, etc. The Role of Choice in Economics | How. com  http://www. ehow. com/about_5398568_role-choice-economics. html#ixzz1jBKaEUeF

Childhood friend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Childhood friend - Essay Example I however develop closer ties with some of my friends, especially if I share in their social issues, and Saad is one of the people with whom I have been very close. We behaved like brothers and that is what some of our peer perceived us to be. Saad’s social condition is what attracted me to his life and made us so close. I do empathize with people and having noted a level of distress in his life drew me close to him until he told me his story, a sad story that induced my unrestricted psychological support to him. I have always loved my parents so much and can imagine what it feels like to lack one or both parents. Realizing that he was an orphan made him so special to me and I purposed to help him feel loved in order to be stable and build on his life. His parents had died when he was three years old and he was living with his uncle. Consequently, we became very close and spent a lot of time together. We shared so much about his life and I would encourage him to work hard and ensure that his children get the parental attention and love that fate had denied him. We lost touch with Saad during my second year in of high school. This occurred because his uncle got a transfer to a different city. He had no other relative to stay with, in the locality, and was therefore forced to move with the uncle. The distance barrier then played a significant role in our separation because we did not have time to meet as often as we used to. Travelling to his city or my city was also a challenge because of involved cost and time and our positions as students. There were other communication means but we did not utilize them to keep in touch. Even though Saad came back after two years, there is a lot of difference between us and the lost touch has persisted. He changed a lot and he is so much into drugs while I am not. I sometimes see him in the streets but the difference between our social lives is a significant barrier to the close relationship that we had. This is

International banking assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International banking assignment - Essay Example For this reason, they are often regulated through creation of policies and regulations. Most nations have developed fractional banking systems, which are essential in the regulation of the banking industry (Somashekar 2009, 34). Through this system, banks have various liquid assess, which are equal to part of their current liabilities. In addition to different regulations aimed at ensuring liquidity, banks are often subject to the most minimal capital requirements depending on the internationally set standards that are known as Basel Accords. It has often been said that liquidity is something that be recognized easily that being defined; additionally, it is a highly elusive concept. As far as its barest essentials are concerned, is all about having cash at the moment one needs it. In relation to banks, liquidity can be defined as the ability of a bank to provide funding to the increases in assets in order to achieve various obligations as soon as they arise (Hall 2008, 16). This often has to take place without the banks having to incur any unacceptable losses. Management of liquidity risks aims at ensuring that banks can continue performing their most fundamental roles. It is important to note that while outflows are often identified with certainties, risks are often due to need to achieve indecisive obligations about cash flow. In most cases, they depend on the external events as well as the behavior and actions of various agents. The liquidity aspects of a certain bank are ultimately a function of its confidence. This confidence arises from the counterparties and depositors in the banking institution and its presumed capital adequacy or solvency. A liquidity shortfall in a certain individual institution can often have various repercussions in its broad systems. In this case, the withdrawal of one institution has a multiplier effect, having the ability to spread to other systems, which can bring about various

Threats to the Global Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Threats to the Global Security - Essay Example As the research declares the major world super powers (United Kingdom, Germany, France, China, Russia and the United States) followed a two-track policy that encouraged Iran to take part in the diplomatic negotiations as they continuously impose comprehensive sanctions a gains energy and financial sectors in Iran. Both the U.S and Israel encouraged the imposition of the sanctions and the search of the diplomatic resolutions as they give serious warning that there will be limited time for the policies and that all the available options for example military actions had only to be put on the table for discussions. According to the report findings nuclear -armed Iranian military in most cases posed a lot of threat to the Americas closest allies who were mostly in the Middle East. Israel on the other hand was also at great security risks as most of the leaders from the Iran continuously declared a war of trying to wipe out the Israel from the global map. Close allies of America like the Saudi Arabia had already been alarmed of the Iran’s aggressive policy thereby increasing their feeling bout threat by the Iran. For a very long period of time Middle East remained a significant source of the energy that was used in the U.S and the whole world . And for this reason, a nuclear-armed Iran sparked a nuclear arms race in the better part of the Middle East that for a very long time destabilize the volatile and vital region.

Software Development Life Cycle Models and Design Techniques Essay

Software Development Life Cycle Models and Design Techniques - Essay Example Let us take a look at the contemporary models being used by the software industry. This is the first derivative of the classic Software Development Life Cycle model which goes through the processes of requirement capturing and analysis, System Analysis and Design, Code Generation, testing and maintenance. Water fall model (Royce,1970) differs from the sequential software development life cycle in inserting iteration at the end of every phase to reduce large iterations over several phases which could turn out to be costly exercises. It also provides for a validation at the end of every phase output, defining the deliverables at the end of every phase. In this process, incremental development was introduced for both requirement capturing and for development, along with a clear validation at the end of every phase made this process more successful than the sequential SDLC. Software projects more controllable. This model, though under use in various unofficial forms across the developing community, became a standard process in 1991. (Pomberger,1991). The phased model that was introduced in the waterfall model was seen more as an iterative possibility. At the end of every phase, a prototype was made and shown to the customer. ... During this methodology, experiments are conducted on the prototype at every iteration to check the effectiveness of the prototype for various functionalities expected out of the system. This way when the customer receives the software, he is very satisfied. 4.0 Object Oriented Life Cycle Model In this model, we do not train our eyes on the functionalities of the software needed, rather on the objects that we have and we can construct. After the requirement analysis, which is very similar to the other models discussed earlier, the objects are identified and development is taken up for those objects that need to be done fresh. Others that could be inherited, are taken from the earlier objects already existing. Advantages of this life cycle is that, since it inherits and reuses many of the objects already existing, the development cycle time should be coming down. By the same measure, it should also bring down the time to test, the time to maintain and the time to make changes in the software. Primarily, this model postulates reusability of objects and classes within programs / projects and across programs / projects2. Clubbing with the prototyping model, most of the common object models use prototyping of individual classes / objects with their performances resulting in easy spotting of errors and inconsistencies early on. Error fixing and modifications are much more easily understood and presented under such conditions resulting in easier fixes. 5.0 Design Techniques Derr (1995) is the first major proponent of the object model that follows the following steps to reach design solutions: 1. A Problem Statement 2. Identify object classes and their attributes 3. Discard unnecessary classes and attributes 4. Inherit

Organizational Behavior and HR in Sony Corporation Assignment

Organizational Behavior and HR in Sony Corporation - Assignment Example Kalyanaram and Gurumurthy (2008) offer that businesses that are the first to market in certain industries have a significant competitive advantage over competitors. Theory indicates that when buyers perceive a satisfactory product or achievement of effective customer service, risk averse customers often develop attachments to the pioneering product or brand; therefore they are unwilling to switch to new late movers’ products. Oftentimes, these buyers assess the late entrant against the first mover with adverse assessments in favour of the pioneer (Kalyanaram and Gurumurthy 2008). Sony was not able to launch innovative products (such as the LCD television) before competition, therefore the market had established brands with positive consumer sentiment about the brands that is difficult to undo for a late mover. The presence of competitive product offerings and new innovative products is what served as the first catalyst for change at the firm that required restructuring to meet and adapt to market needs more rapidly. Slocum and Lei (2005) reinforce the dangers of increased globalisation that make change a constant phenomenon, especially for businesses that operate in multiple business divisions and product categories, such as the conglomerate Sony. Industries are defined in theory as â€Å"ecosystems through which businesses compete for customers and are significantly inter-dependent based on changes in local or international markets† (Slocum and Lei 2005, p.35). Globalisation opens new markets for new competitive entrants into a market, breaking down the political barriers or improving supply networks that facilitate more rapid and cost-effective production with competition. Sony was witnessing many new market entrants offering unique products that were gaining attention and recognition from important revenue-building markets, essentially shortening the product life cycle of many of its previously-profitable products such as the PlayStation gaming console and older cathode ray tube television sets. Sony was now facing competition that sustained the resources and talents needed to produce innovative products. This challenge of competitive innovations was built through increased globalisation, thus Sony could no longer sustain the growth of existing Sony products, forcing the business to be more adaptable and flexible in providing similar competitive products. Consumer markets were favouring competitive products which continued to erode market share from Sony, making change driven by competitive product introductions forcing the need for continuous change practices to be developed in order to remain relevant in its technology markets. As market circumstances continue to evolve, contingency theory states that the organisation’s internal structure must adapt in order to remain competitively relevant (Buchanan and Huczynski 2010). It was not until the new CEO Howard Stringer joined Sony that the business became aware that continuous change in the external market was causing a need for rapid internal restructuring in order to adapt properly to market conditions and more prevalent competitive practices in manufacturing and marketing. Sony relied heavily on its electronics division to generate profitability, therefore the business was forced to centralise decision-making so that the electronics division maintained authority over key areas of business. The business could no longer respond quickly enough to meet competitive actions in the market,

Paul's Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paul's Case - Research Paper Example These feelings, combined with all of the pressures surrounding him, alienate Paul from any chance of normalcy. However, it has only been within the past three decades that critics have begun talking about the homosexual undertones of the story – that perhaps Paul’s difference is the result of his homosexual tendencies and his despair is due to his awareness that these tendencies place him forever outside of the community he so desperately wants to be a part of. From this perspective, the ugliness of the world around him becomes a metaphor for the ugliness of a world that refuses to accept a person simply because they feel greater attraction to persons of their own gender rather than the opposite. To read the story as an example of the male homosexual literary tradition, many of the ‘coded passages’ referred to by Larry Rubin become clear. It is primarily through Paul’s eyes that the reader is first made aware that perhaps he doesnt see things in the same way as those around him do. These eyes are described as having a "certain hysterical brilliancy, and he continually used them in a conscious, theatrical sort of way, peculiarly offensive in a boy. The pupils were abnormally large, as though he were addicted to belladonna, but there was a glassy glitter about them which that drug does not produce" (79). Larry Rubin points to these eyes as the first of several examples in the story that contain coded hints that Paul has homosexual tendencies. Other clues that he mentions in his article include the careful way that Paul dresses, his odd relationship with boys who are slightly older and his night on the town with the Yale freshman followed by their ‘cool’ parting which Rubin points out leaves the reader â€Å"with an unshakeable sense of innuendo† (1975: 130). Roger Austen concurs with these el ements of the story as being intentional indications of Paul’s sexual preference. In scenes such as the disapproval Paul receives because of

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Case Study Example For example, Gupta et al. (2009) gave example of intellectual capital in research & development division of pharmaceutical companies as the core competency which can not only be copied easily by competitors but also being developed over the course of long period. In such context, core competencies of Microsoft Corp can also be understood in context to core competency model proposed by Prahalad and Hamel (1990). According to the Microsoft case presented by Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson (2012), from the foundation of the company in 1975, Microsoft Corp always strive for getting the â€Å"first mover† advantage by continuously innovating with product application and design. It is evident from the research works of Gupta and Dwivedi (2012) and Edgar and Lockwood (2012) that core competence is a customer driven approach and providing value to customers should be integrated with core competency models. Now, the question may arise that is it possible for all products of Microsoft Corp to have at least one core competency? For answering this question, study of the product portfolio performance of Microsoft Corp will be conducted. However, there is not much scope to do, the limitations being the lack of time and resource. To overcome such difficulties, the report will use case study of Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson (2012) in order to understand key core competencies of Microsoft. Product portfolio of Microsoft Corp can be segregated into seven segments such as Windows, Business Solutions, Xbox Game Console and Entertainment, Developer Tools, MSN, web browser and Servers, mobile solutions (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). For example, Windows and windows live segment accompanies by Windows Operating System (OS), Internet Explorer etc are highest revenue earner for the company. On the other hand, business division segments of Microsoft accompanied by Dynamics ERP, Microsoft Office, CRM, Office Web etc are second largest revenue earner for the company (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). Interesting fact is that, Microsoft has acquired more than 80% of market share in the field of operating system and business division which show that the company has successfully integrated its technological core competencies in order to achieve market leadership. Microsoft is even performing well in the field of Entertainment & Gaming Solution with the help of its product portfolios like Xbox, Zune digital music platform, Windows phone and successfully defending its market share (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 2012). However, same cannot be said for online service division of Microsoft such as Bing search engines which has incurred consecutive operational profit loss due to unequal revenue distribution right agreement with Yahoo. Drejer (2002) and Clulow, Gerstman and Barry (2003) stated that core competencies can be achieved by deploying internal resources such strong intellectual capital, financial resources, technological capabilities, efficient human resourc e, marketing expertise, strong supplier relationship etc. In such context, Prahalad and Hamel (1990) stated that core competence gets enhanced with the use and sharing while other capabilities might get reduced with extensive use. Microsoft is still struggling to compete with Smartphone and technology companies like Samsung, Apple and existing competency of Microsoft is not helping them

Correctional Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Correctional Policy - Essay Example erica boasts the highest incarceration rates on the planet, even higher than places such as China, Iran or Russia, Canada also has significant challenges housing, feeding, and rehabilitating all of the prisoners in its prisons nationwide. According to a report released by the Pew Center for Research on the United States, nearly one in 100 persons in the United States is incarcerated (Pew Center, 2008). Canada has a much smaller population than the United States but the statistics are no less that a staggering. Statistics Canada has recent reported that for the first time in more than 10 years Canadas incarceration rate has increased and is now 110 prisoners per 100,000 of the Canadian population. This represents a 2% increase and for comparative purposes Canadas incarceration rate is higher than most western European countries including that of Sweden which is 82 per 100,000 and France which has an incarceration rate of 85 per 1000 population. The numbers are staggering and must be u nderstood if one hopes to tackle the issue of criminal justice reform and correctional policy reform in the 21st century (Tony, 2001; Statistics Canada, 2008). Seeking to address the fundamental issues associated with an overcrowded prison system and to propose a means through which correctional policy reform can be undertaken in the Canadian context, the following will argue that restorative justice will provide the answer to Canadas incarceration woes. This policy brief will be structured in the following manner in order to properly address the problems associated with over incarceration in Canada. Beginning with an analysis of the problem, an exploration of the weaknesses, deficits, and excesses of Canadas present correctional policy will be this elaborate upon. Following this a recommended policy to address the problems discussed above will explain the concept of restorative justice. Arguing that restorative justice can be one of the means through which solutions to Canadas

Tantalus Poem Essay Example for Free

Tantalus Poem Essay Favored by the gods of Olympus He partied dined and wined Cool to the mortals was Tantalus But he soon would pay the fine. He went behind the god’s backs From them Tantalus stole He committed other cruel acts Once a friend now a foe. If Tantalus was more of an honest man He wouldn’t take advantage of the god’s trust Accepting the lending hand Instead of turning it into dust. If Tantalus had another shot He would make a better soup Not boil his son hot But use a chicken from the coop. If Tantalus had another take He wouldn’t have hid the golden pet He was the source of Zeus’ heartbreak Got caught he should fret. If Tantalus had another chance He wouldn’t have been so famished He saw nectar and ambrosia in a glance They noticed and his penalties were lavished. Tantalus wasn’t the only one whose life was filled with demise His family wasn’t allowed good fate Only positive thing was his son’s rise This left his family filled with hate which wasn’t so great. Tantalus suffered in the afterlife Placed above him an apple tree Trying to take a bite was strife I bet he wished he could flee. Placed below him was water Never allowed a sip Tantalus shouldn’t even bother He wasn’t even allowed a drip. Tantalus learned from his mistakes Although it was too late He learned not to see objects and take Also not to use his son as bate.

The Importance Of Water Treatment

The Importance Of Water Treatment Water is very important for human being and other living things. In human body, more than 70% are fluid such as blood and all these fluid are basically formed by water. Bone marrow needs water to generate blood then blood carries the oxygen from lung to whole body. Besides that, water can maintain humans body temperature and provide natural material with mineral. Water is not only essential for human body, it is also playing an important role in our daily life activities, examples like washing clothes and food, bathing for personal hygiene and acting as solvent for all cleaning reagent. Consequently, water industries refer to a problem solver in this situation. First of all, water industries are divided into three major types which are water purification, wastewater treatment and also the new type called desalination. For the water purification means purifying water to become the drinking water. Although natural water is drinkable for human but without any purification or method of killing gem, the natural water is harmful for human being nowadays. Purified water and natural water seems like no different when we look at it but sometimes we still smell the different, natural water might have some pungent smell. Natural water consists of a lot microorganism and bacteria inside it, just we cant observe it with our naked eyes. In addition, water pollution is getting serious thus purification is necessary to ensure the drinking water is clean and not harmful to our health. After that, another type of water industry which is very vital for the Mother of Nature is the wastewater treatment industry. Wastewater treatment refers to the processes of controlling the wastewater on Earth; this is the most important method to solve the water pollution. Wastewater is directing to the chemical wastewater from factories, wastewater from household and some water from polluted river or lake. The usage of wastewater treatment is to killing the gem/bacteria in the wastewater; remove solid impurities and odor smell. Irresponsible human behavior will make the wastewater treatment become more essential for the world. The new type of water industry is about the desalination. Desalination is a meaning of transforming the seawater or saltwater into pure water or drinking water. Due to the natural water on the land is getting lesser and the population of human is increasing, hence we found out a new method to produce normal water from seawater. Seawater source is so much on Earth, so this method is highly developing around the world. Seawater cannot consume by human because it consists of high salt component such as NaCl, this cause our body unaffordable to consume the seawater. Furthermore, we will discuss deeply about the process of water purification and desalination in this article. The importance of Desalination and water purification industry Water treatment process brings many importances to the society today. One of the importances of water treatment process is to ensure that water is more suitable to be used by industries and individuals. The purpose of water treatment process is to remove contaminations from water, so that it would be more suitable for it to be used. There are several processes that can be used to treat water such as filtration, disinfection that is majorly in use to clean water. Water is the key to a persons survival because without water survival is simply not an option. Hence, it is important to make sure water is purified in order to drink otherwise bacteria in the water can be harmful to your organs if drunk in normal consumption. According to a global research, a large number of people at their early ages die from water born diseases in most of the developing countries. Thus, it is very important to get the proper treatment of the water for a healthy living. Water treatment industry can be very helpful for the society today because they are saving the lives of many innocent human beings who die from fatal diseases such as cholera, typhoid which cause by consuming contaminated water. According to United Nations statistics, the worlds fresh water consumption since the 20th century increased by 6-7 times higher than the population growth rate of two times, around 1.4 billion people lack access to safe and clean drinking water, or an average of every 5 people who have a lack of water. So, the idea of desalination plays a major role to provide us the constant supply of water as the sea water is an unlimited resource. Sea water desalination process is actually done by converting salty sea water into fresh usable water. Further purification of the sea water after the desalination process can convert it into drinking water. These industries are important to ensure that there is enough water supply as the population is growing and growing rapidly. These are the major roles of the water treatment plants in. Water supply and demand Water is one of the most important resources in our life and it is the major Earths natural resources. However the freshwater supply in our earth is a control resource, which means the total amount of freshwater, is limited. Most of the worlds water supply is saltwater stored in the oceans. Converting saltwater to freshwater is generally too expensive to be used for domestic, industrial and other freshwater uses. About 97% of the water stored in the ocean is salt water. Only 3% of the worlds water supply is a freshwater where two-third out of the 3%, of that water is frozen, forming the polar ice caps, and icebergs. The remaining one-third of freshwater is available as either surface water or ground water; ground water accounts for two-thirds of this amount. Surface water is water that is visible above the ground surface, such as rivers, ponds and lakes. Ground water is water that either fills the spaces between soil particles or penetrates the cracks and spaces within rocks. The demand for water supply includes water consumption by the domestic, industrial, commercial and other sectors. In addition to this, the total amount of water that needs to be produced, and hence the total water demand includes provisions for water lost as a result of the leakages between the source (treatment plant) and the end users of consumers. Malaysia, like the rest of the world, is faced with a growing population. The population of Peninsular Malaysia will be more than double its size from 18.1 million in 2000 to 38 million in 2050 as reported in the National Water Resources Study (2000) thus the population growth and socio-economic development are currently driving a rapid increase in water demand. The government is now working on the creation of an industry structure to purified water that will ensure long-term sustainability of the water supply and sewerage services industry. Purified water is water from any source that is physically processed to remove impurities. Distilled water and deionised water have been the most common forms of purified water, but water can also be purified by other processes including reverse osmosis, carbon filtration, micro porous filtration. Prospect of water industry in Malaysia Nowadays, the water industry in Malaysia is filled of challenges. There is either too much, too little, polluted or inaccessible water to meet the needs of our nation. As the increasing of demand to the quality of life, peoples are pursuing for an abundance of safe, low cost and high quality water. Globally, more than 90% of water and sanitation systems are publicly owned and operated. However, a trend that industry experts acquired smaller utilities has been increasing. This phenomenon is called consolidation. There also was an increase in privatization-private companies that contract to operate or to purchase the public utilities. Moreover, many larger systems were investing in new testing and treatment methods. Under Malaysian conditions, erosion by water and the decay of nations of pipes that transport water into homes are the most significant. As pipes corrode, water pressure decreases and foreign materials such as bacteria and debris may enter the system. In order to reduce the negative health effects to humans, government officials flush out the water and add large doses of chlorine to eliminate contaminants. However, this is a short-term solution. Obviously, the countrys water-pipe system, much of which is over one hundred years old, needs a major overhaul. Increased privatization of the water system is being seriously considered to help alleviate the plight of countrys water as the government can receive funding for structural adjustment programs. This is because private water companies have a high potential of bringing efficiency, savings, and environmental responsibility to communities, cities and the country. Besides that, as we know that fresh water that is available for human use is just 1 percent of the total water supply, and that supply is dwindling as supply cannot keep pace with demand. Thus, the prospect of water industry may be focusing in the alternative to increase the freshwater. Since most of the earth water is seawater, desalination technology has arisen as a potential alternative to solve the problem of water shortage. Desalination has been present throughout the 125 countries and territories around the world, the worlds desalinated water to feed about 5% of the population. In fact, desalination is an excellent way to solve water shortage problems in many countries. This is indeed a strategic choice as its validity and reliability has been more widely recognized. Research indicates that the cost of producing water from desalination is often less than half that produced by the distillation method of processing water. Improvements in effienciency have led to reduce energy con sumption, cheaper processing costs and a superior product being produced. The Impact On the Environment As our world industrialised, water pollutions are getting serious. There are three main types of water pollutions caused by human activities, which are domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural wastewater. In these wastewaters, contain pathogens, detergents, toxic waste, chemical waste and heavy metals. These harmful chemicals not only poison aquatic organisms, also affect sources of drinking water, and pollute our environment. Toxic wastes, generally, are not easy to metabolise out of body of organisms. Wastes tend to bioaccumulate inside the organisms. The bioaccumulation of toxic wastes not only happen in single organism, but all members from food chains. The concentration of toxic wastes gets higher as the trophic level going up. Not only that, the agricultural wastewater contains fertilizer, pesticide and also the fungicide. These pollutants cause the eutrophication. It is caused by excessive nutrients in the wastewater, and it brings the algal blooms and red tide. These leads to fish kills as algaes consuming most of the oxygen in the water. In a nutshell, water pollution can lead to a lower biodiversity. The decrease of biodiversity means that the variation of life decreased, and it affects the balance of ecosystem. It is important to maintain the balance of ecosystem, species of organisms will decline if the ecosystem does not balance. It will be a bad circle. Water industry helps in collecting the wastewaters from different parts to the water treatment plants. Also, water industry helps in controlling the quality of water. Before discharging the wastewater back to our ecosystem, the water is treated so it reduces the effect toward the environment. It also improves the water quality which means that provides not only the better quality of life, and save the environment for the future. Furthermore, it maintains the balance of aquatic ecosystem. As the contaminated wastewater not flowing into river and the sea, the aquatic environment will be free of dangerous and toxic wastes. The world cannot stand without water industry. Water industry gives us a solution to the world, a hope to the future. Reverse Osmosis Reverse osmosis is one of the water purification method that is popular in water treatment industry. Just as its name implies, water goes on the osmosis process another way. Normally, the solvent, which is water will go through the semipermeable membrane that having many tiny pores, from low solute concentration side to the high solute concentration side. However, for the reverse osmosis, a pressure is applied on the high solute concentration part. The pressure can be drove by electricity or it may get from the pressure exchanger. Thus, water molecules are forced to pass through the membrane to the low solute concentration side. By this way, clean water can be collected on the other side. There are three common membrane materials, which are polyamide thin film composites (TFC), cellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose triacetate (CTA). In generally TFC membranes are stronger and more durable among these three membranes. CA and CTA give a better toleration to chlorine. For different purpose, specified membrane will be used. Reverse osmosis can be used in residential, commercial and industrial water filtration, also the seawater desalination. By this method, impurities in the water can be removed to clean water. These impurities include ions, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and salts. This is because those impurities are larger than than the pores so they cannot pass through it. Water molecules are allowed to pass through the membrane as it is small enough. Impurities,yet will be left behind the membrane. The waste streams flow out and the pressure is high. Later, the streams go through the pressure exchanger to transfer the waste pressure to the low pressure fresh feed. Then, the low pressure fresh feed will be pressurised. The recycle of waste pressure can save the cost of running the reverse osmosis system. The water flowed out is now clean and ready for purpose of drinking or other uses. Coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation Natural and waste water include small particulates. Coagulation and flocculation processes are intended to form particles large enough to be separated. The small particulates are suspended in water forming a colloid. The particles with the same charge repel with each other and this prevents them from combining into larger particulates to settle. Thus, some chemical and physical techniques are applied to help them settle. The phenomenon is known as coagulation. To assist in the removal of colloidal particles from suspension, chemical flocculation is required. The process water will then enter a flocculation chamber, where further chemicals may be added depending upon the raw water characteristics and the level of treatment to be achieved. Gentle mixing during this stage allows particles to agglomerate and form settleable flocs. Starch and multiply charged ions are often used. The dirty water is cleaned by treating with alum, Al2(SO4)3.12 H2O, and lime, Ca(OH)2. These electrolytes cause the pH of the water to change due to the following reactions: Al2(SO4)3.12 H2O, -> Al(aq)3+ + 3 SO4(aq)2- + 12 H2O SO4(aq)2- + H2O -> HSO4(aq)- + OH- (causing pH change) Ca(OH)2 -> Ca(aq)2+ + 2 OH- (causing pH change) The slightly basic water causes Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3 and Fe(OH)2 to precipitate, bringing the small particulates called flocs with them and the water becomes clear. Flocculation usually follows by sedimentation, the heavy floc particles settle to the bottom of treatment tanks, allowing for their separation from the water. It works best with relatively dense particles (e.g. silt and minerals), while flotation works better for lighter particles (e.g. algae, color). A big settling tank is needed so that it takes a long time to get through. Inlets and outlets are designed so the water moves slowly in the tank. Long and narrow channels are installed to let the water to snake its way through the tank. The settled particles, sludge, must occasionally be removed from the tanks. The water is next ready to be filtered. Sedimentation is used in pre-treatment and wastewater treatment. Thermal Distillation and Electrodialysis In the process of desalination, after the reverse osmosis, it comes to the thermal distillation process. Heat is used in the thermal distillation for desalination. It boils the salt water to causes the water to vaporize, at the same time, the salt is left behind. Most of the salt is sodium chloride (NaCl). After that, the vapor will moves to a second container to condensed and collected. The boiling process of water uses up a lot of fuel to make the salt water to vaporize so many alternative processes can be considered. These processes are called multistage flash distillation (MSF), multiple effect distillation (MED), and mechanical vapor compression distillation (MVC). All these process can reduce the energy that used to boil the water with reducing the waters boiling point by decreasing the waters vapor pressure. The mechanical vapor compression distillation (MVC) is a process which evaporates the sea or saline water is derived by the heat application delivered by compressed vapor. This process able to increase generate additional amount of vapor by using the latent heat during the condensation when the vapors compression increases both of the temperature and pressure of the vapor. The multistage flash distillation is a thermal process with the low temperature of obtaining fresh water by recovering the vapor of boiling sea water in a sequence of vessels, (called effects) each maintained at a lower temperature than the last. Due to the boiling point of the water reduced as the pressure reduced, the heat energy of the vapor boiled off from one vessel is able to heat the another vessel thus only the first vessel require the heat energy from other source to heat up the sea water. Furthermore, another process of desalination process is electrodialysis that used to separate the other ions and water ions by relying on the salt ions electrical charge. In this process, the water is pre-treated by reverse osmosis thermal distillation hence then transfer to a membrane stack. Two electrodes, a positive electrode located on one side of the stack and a negative one on the other, an electrical current is conducted through the water. The ions are attracted to the oppositely charged electrodes and flow through membranes that are designed to trap either the negatively charged ions (anions) or positively charged ions (cations). Once the ions are trapped, fresh water will filtered out. Filtration Water filtration improves the overall taste of tap water, appearance and smell. Water filters are design to remove several harmful chemicals found in drinking water. At the moment, there is no better way to make sure that the water you are drinking is clean. Compare the differences between a glass of tap water and bottled water. You will realize that tap water is cloudy and it smells like bleach. There are four stages involved in water purification process: 1. Pre-Filtration -Prevents large debris from entering the System 2. Sediment Filtration 5.0 Micron Sediment Filtration 3. Carbon Block Filtration Chemical removal and 0.5 Micron Filtration 4. Ultraviolet Treatment 99.9999% Elimination of Bacteria / Virus Ultraviolet exposure of 16,000 mw/cm2 or greater Pre-filtration is the first process of water filtration, it screens the water source starting from the point of entry. These pre-filter screens are connected to the inlet hose. This is important in preventing the filtration system that turns out to be plugged with rocks, faeces, mud and other large debris. Sediment Filtration is the second stage. In this stage, the water will pass through a sediment filter. In the sediment filter it gives five micron filtration and it expands the life of the carbon filter by eliminating invisible sediments that will impulsively block the filter. Sediment filtration would include the removal of dirt, mud, sand, scale, silt and other suspended solids in the water. Carbon block filtration is the third stage of the filtration process. This process has two different processes. The first process is called mechanical straining, carbon is compressed into a solid block of material. Each molecule of water is pushed through the microscopic pores of carbon that strain out substances efficiently. The second is called chemical bonding, it uses an activated carbon which has a trivial electro positive charge added to it, making bonding agents to impurities and chemicals even more attractive. When the water is pushed through the solid carbon block, it is forced to slow down and the increased quantity of contact time with carbon allows the carbon bonding to take place. The final stage of the filtration process is the ultraviolet treatment. After the water is cleaned by the carbon filter, the next step is to expose it to an extreme dosage of UV light. The UV light it produced will destroy microorganisms by changing their DNA structure. Aeration and Disinfection Aeration is a water treatment process where water is brought into the contact with oxygen. This is to increase the oxygen content in the water, to reduce the carbon dioxide content in the water, and to remove organic compounds such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and other volatile which is responsible for taste and odour of water. These will result in good drinking pure water. High iron and manganese content in water will cause a bitter taste. Aeration is widely used for the treatment of high iron and manganese contaminants water to convert the dissolved ferrous and manganese compounds into insoluble ferric and manganese hydroxides. These can be removed by sedimentation or filtration process. There are many instruments and systems designed to aerate wastewater. These range from simple floating splashes and rotors to high-maintenance diffused air systems using membranes and complex man folding and piping layouts. These systems are designed to inject oxygen to every part of the water. The end result is better than water treatment with higher removal rates of microorganism contamination. Disinfection is an important step in ensuring that water is safe to drink, and limiting the effects of organic materials, suspended solids and other contaminants. It destroys microorganisms that can cause disease in humans. Primary methods of disinfection are chlorination, chloramines, ozone, and ultraviolet light. Other methods include chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, and nano filtration. Since certain forms of chlorine react with organic material naturally present in many water sources to form harmful chemical by-products. Common industrial method of disinfection is chlorination, where the chlorine gas is released to mix with water. The mixing and contact time must be provided after an injection to ensure complete disinfection of pathogens and other microorganism. Thus it kills microorganisms and it may be necessary to control the pH of the water. One chlorination had been done, the water will be finalized by some tests to make sure the water is neutral, clean and pure. Finally the water will be send to storage for the domestic, industrial, and commercial uses. Role of Chemical Engineer in the Water Treatment Industry Basically the role of a chemical engineer in a water treatment industry is mainly referring to the technical skills that the chemical engineers obtained because chemical engineers have to conduct the water treatment processes in the industry. Firstly, we talk about the role of chemical engineers before the process and industrial plant in the water treatment industry is formed. For a chemical engineer, the first mission has to do will be understood about the requirements of the water treatment industry to conduct a process with a specific industrial plant. For our case, the chemical engineer must know how to conduct a process of water purification to product drinking water. Chemical engineers must able to design an industrial plant which consists of different types of components to complete the process and get the desired product. The components that might involve in the plant are compressor, mixer, cooler, filter (separator). Furthermore, whether designing the plant, chemical engineer also may concerns about the chemical substances used within the process in the plant. The chemical substances added into the water along the process must not be harmful to consumers due to the water as output is the drinking water for human to consume. Some more, the costs for the substances and material used to build the plant and those components inside it must be save up to the lowest. Chemical engineers need to save the cost for the company and also form the product which is the drinking water with the highest efficiency. Besides that, chemical engineer has to evaluate the chemical process technology and equipment which suitable in the plant. The most important role of chemical engineer in this industry is determining the production specification. Once the plant completely designed, the most essential job that needs the chemical engineer to accomplish is establish and conduct quality control programs, operating procedures and control strategies to ensure consistency and adherence to standards for raw materials, products and waste products or emissions. When the process is running, there also something necessary for chemical engineer to provide checking for the plant and make a suitable maintenance on the processing units. Thus, chemical engineer is playing a very important character in the water treatment industry. Skills/Knowledge required by Engineer As an engineer, there are many skill and knowledge required to smoothen the task that have to conduct by engineer. The skill and knowledge required by engineer can be categories into six parts which are technical skill, computer literacy, communication skill, management/finance, international awareness and respect for diversity. Engineer requires the technical skill and knowledge to conduct and control the processing units in the plant. The technical skill is about the mathematics, chemistry, physics, mechanical and electrical knowledge. In the water industry, chemical engineers refer to separating dangerous materials from good water as a treatment train. At various stages in the multistage treatment process, unwanted constituents are separated using vacuum or pressure filtration, centrifugation, membrane-based separation, distillation, carbon-based and zeolite-based adsorption and advanced oxidation treatments Computers are used every day for communications, simulations, budgeting, monitoring controls and word processing hence the computer literacy is very important to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the simulations and assumption that did by chemical engineers. Before chemical engineers design a plant, they have to do some simulation by using some professional programs or software in the computer such as Aspen Technology Programs. Engineering involves working with others and communicating but not only deal with machines so that others able to understand and support the idea provided individually. Consequently, communication skill also must be trained by chemical engineers. When the time chemical engineers present their project or proposal, the others who listening and watching able to fully disgust what are the points and idea about. Management and finance are always the necessary knowledge for everyone in the society including engineers. Many decisions an engineer makes have business consequences. Understanding the business principle can help engineers become more effective. In finance aspect, chemical engineers require to know clearly how to manage a team because engineers can be leaders which work together with others. For the engineers, they are working in a global market requires an understanding of cultural, geographic, economics and environmental factors that influence the decision which made by engineers. International awareness means chemical engineers have to be caution with all the response and effect from the market around us. Lastly the respect for diversity, engineers regularly work in group setting so being able to interact effectively, professionally and respectfully with others will make you a more capable team player. A good engineer team leader must respect all the colleagues so that everyone can work together without any conflict. Conclusion In a conclusion Water treatment is an important processs in our modern life, due to the lack of natural fresh water and increase in population. Many new technology method has been introduce to water treatment industry nowdays. The raw sea water have to go through a certain number of processes strating with either reverse osmosis or thermal distillation to make it usable. Besides this two processes, an electrodialysis process method can also be used. A further water treament process need to be done to make it drinkable, the processes consist of coagulation method, followed by flocculation and sendimentation. A further filtration process is done and finally aeration and disinfection process will take palce before the water is kept in a storage. This processes can be used to make water more acceptable for a desired end-use. These can include use as drinking water, industrial processes, medical and many other uses. The goal of all water treatment process is to remove existing contaminant s in the water, or reduce the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. One such use is returning water that has been used back into the natural environment without adverse ecological impact.

Joan of arc Essay -- Biography

Joan of Arc Through all the hardships and blood, Joan of Arc was a fierce warrior and led the French to complete victory. Starting out in a maiden village, and more of a shock for being a woman, Joan completely transform herself and France. Advancing in a year and a month, crowned a reluctant king, rallied broken people, reversed the course of a great war, and shoved history into a new path (Richey 1); Joan made a name for herself. No one can ever suppress what she achieved at such a young age. Joan of Arc (Jehanne Darc) was born January 6th, 1412 in a little village of Domremy, France. She grew up as a faithful Catholic and a sweet, respectful maiden girl. According to a prediction, a young maiden girl would save France and sure enough Joan would be that girl. Starting at age twelve, she began having visions of different Angels and hearing voices from the Saints and God himself. And with these orders, she made a sacred promise to always stay a virgin and disobeyed her father even though he warn her not to be influence by this craziness. By the time she was nineteen, she was up on trial for claims of witchcraft even though she saved France. Throughout her adventures, she inspired others and showed she was no different even though she was a girl. Throughout each situation, the voices and visions helped Joan on what she had to do. Whenever she wept and felt hopeless, they helped bring her to her feet. This encouragement build up much self confidence in Joan as a fearless leader. With this gift, Joan used it to help convince the church and the captain of Vaucouleurs, Robert de Baudricourt, she was chosen to help save France and have Dauphin Charles VII crowned King. Once given the permission, she was given armor b... ...his during WWI, her name was invoked by Allies on battlefields to pay tribute for the inspirational leader Joan became to be. Joan impacted France and the world by creating a national consciousness that never existed before and became a personality cult that embraced all who looked up to her. She made a absolute stunning moral impact to everyone, no matter if they were against the fact she has a special gift, by all her military victories and the patriotism and devotion she gave, which also helped all her soldiers believe in themselves. Joan hauled all the wrecked mess from these people in France and brought back a hopeful future and renewal embrace. Not only the battles Joan won for France and bringing alive a great King, but she will be remembered for her excellent leadership, even when she was shot down, and fighting and dying for what she stood for.

Resident Evil 3-Nemesis :: essays research papers

Resident Evil 3-Nemesis Bio Hazard 3-Last Escape --Faqs/Walkthrough--[by Rann Yong] Table of Contents ----------------- 01. Intro 02. What's New 03. Controls 04. Characters 05. Walkthrough I. September 28th, daylight... II. October 1st, night... 06. Secrets 07. Mecenaries Game 08. Rank/ Grade 09. Miscellaneous 10. About 11. Special Thanks 01. Intro --------- This is the first faq/ walkthrough I ever wrote, so please forgive me for not good in writting this faq. I must say that this game is harder than the previous series of Bio Hazard as the Boss (the one chasing you) in this episode is difficult to handle. So don't underestimate this game! Nemesis will come running at you all the time! He won't rest until you die in his hand...you will notice that, by the time he appear he will say "DIE!!" For this faq is quite or very hard for me to explain because there's lot of parts such as where the item location is, will differs according to your progress in the game. So instead of telling you where the item is, I rather not include that, sorry!! But don't worry the item can be obviously seen if you look hard. This game is rather short but writting walkthrough is not that short...especially come explaining something difficult although my explaination is not that good. The walkthrough section only emphasize on the important item such as key. In other words, the location of green herbs, first aid spray, etc is not discussed. I recommended you guys and gals go get all the Bio Hazard series, as to exactly know what is happening. The objective in Bio Hazard 3 is solely escaping from the Raccoon City. 02. What's New -------------- Version 0.2 ----------- -include walkthrough, character, miscellaneous faq including gunpowder mixing. -update on mercenaries game, I forgot another civilian from the last version. Version 0.1 ----------- -First released -Include mercenaries game, controls, etc. -Not much but enough to get you through the game 03. Controls ------------ The following control is by default in the game. Control is break into two parts, basic movement, and new movement. Basic movement Control ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Walk forward D-pad up Walk backward D-pad down Turn right D-pad right Turn left D-pad left Run D-pad up while holding X New movement Control ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 180 degrees turn Press(or hold) D-pad down and X simultaneously Avoid obstacles Rapidly press R1,R2 or L1 when enemy's going to attack you 04. Characters -------------- Name: Jill Gender: Female Occupation: S.T.A.R.S. member Purpose: Escape from Raccoon City Control through game: Yes Control through mercenaries game: No Name: Carlos Gender: Male Occupation: Mercenary hired by Umbrella Purpose: Rescue the civilians in Raccoon City Control through game: Yes Control through mercenaries game: Yes Name: Mikhail Gender: Male Occupation: Mercenary hired by Umbrella Purpose: Rescue the civilians in Raccoon City

mind vs machine :: essays research papers

In 1792 Mary Wollstonecraft in her work A Vindication of the Rights of Woman posed the question, "In what does man's pre-eminence over the brute creation consist?" She answers, "In reason and virtue by which mankind can attain a degree of knowledge." Today, no one would argue that man and woman are not intellectually equal, or that humans have a superior intellectual capacity over the brute creation, but what would they say about humankind versus the machine? We have always felt ourselves superior to animals by our ability to reason -- "to form conclusions, judgments, or inferences from facts or premises"(Random House Dictionary). Philosophers have argued for centuries about what defines reason, now on the dawn of the 21st century this age old question must be revisited. Since the ENIAC, the first mainframe, hummed to life in 1946, the chasm between humankind and machine has appeared to dwindle. Computers have insinuated themselves into the lives of millions of people, taking over the performance of mundane and repetitive tasks. With the constant improvement of computer technology, today's super-computers can outperform the combined brain power of thousands of humans. These machines are so powerful that they can store an essay sixteen billion times longer than this one in active memory. With the development of artificial intelligence software, computers can not only perform tasks at remarkable speed, but can "learn" to respond to situations based on various input. Can these machines ever procure "reason and virtue," or are they simply calculators on steroids? We have now reached the point where we must redefine what constitutes reason in the 21st century. On the intellectual battlefield, in February 1996, thirty-two chess pieces, represented the most recent challenge to the belief that thought is exclusive to humans. Kasparov, the world chess champion, faced off against one of IBM's finest supercomputers, Deep Blue. Chess, a game of logic and reason, would be a perfect test of a computer's ability to "think." In the Information Age battle of David vs. Goliath, the machine clearly had the advantage. Deep Blue is capable of playing out 50- 100 billion positions in the three minutes allotted per turn. Nonetheless, the silicon brain was no match for the cunning intellect of the human mind. Deep Blue lacked the ability to anticipate the moves that Kasparov would make. In preparation for the game, Kasparov adapted a strategy of play unique to the computer.

A Man without Ambition is Like a Woman without Beauty

All the process of human development is led by the man, to my mind. Maybe I would be blamed by some kind of feminists, but I’m totally convinced of this statement. The most of great explores, inventions, technologies were created by men. As a consequence , I can agree with the expression of Frank Harris, that â€Å"a man without ambition is like a woman without beauty†.Considering the man as the leading power of history, I can confess that they couldn’t go forward without ambition. Only good sense of ambition can make a man to be an outstanding person.To reach the top of development and flourishing of society, we should carefully divide the roles of   the man and the woman. Of course it doesn’t mean that everybody must be similar. Jjust I think it will be better if a man remains a man and a woman remains a woman. I’m persuaded of the statement that a man is to have ambitions.For example, being young he should try to choose some goal of his life an d improve himself to reach it as soon as possible. The main role in succeeding belongs to his healthy ambition.If a man is ambitious enough, nothing will stop him. A woman, in her turn, must be the well-spring of a men’s inspiration. That’s why she should be beautiful, thoughtful, smart and kind. If it is such an order in our life, men will win the world.Applying to the history, we can remember the love-story of Napoleon and his wife Josephine. Napoleon became a legend because of his great ambition. He was so determined, so strong person that stayed in memory forever.Josephine was unusual person, too. She was not only a really beautiful woman, but she was wise and clever enough to share all Napoleon’s ideas and aims. I think it was also her triumphs which her husband had come to. It’s obvious, that his astonishing ambitions were inspired by Josephine too.To have an ambition means that one has a sense of self-reliance, strong desire to succeed, to do his b est and to get his dream, to make something remarkable.What will happen to a man without ambition? To my point of view, he won’t succeed in his life at all. Such a man will just join a big number of average people and at least disappear without leaving anything special. Unfortunately, there are a lot of such men. They never strive for any goal, because of the leak of ambition.Summarizing the whole ideas, I can say that a man should bring his ambition up. This feature of character is a particularly the men’s one.   A man without ambition can’t be admired and respected, can’t become a special person and can’t move the world’s history forward.All the greatest men of the centuries were ambitious persons. So if a man wants to be one of them, he should choose the most complicated way and follow it without hesitating.   

Crescent Pure Essay

Crescent was a non-alcoholic functional beverage with an impending launch in three U.S. markets. PDB acquired Crescent in July 2013; the drink’s combination of energy enhancing, hydrating, and all-organic ingredients made it a natural extension for PDB’s existing organic product lines. However, PDB’s management team disagreed about which of two viable positioning strategies would maximize Crescent’s revenues. Some felt the drink’s energizing ingredients supported an energy-drink positioning, while others felt that due to the drink’s hydrating elements, a sports-drink positioning made more sense. PDB planned to embark on a â€Å"soft launch† of Crescent in three western states (California, Oregon, and Washington) in January 2014. PDB projected that these three states represented 15% of national functional beverage demand. PDB was under pressure to define the product by October 1 in order to negotiate with beverage distributors and retailers, and to hire advertisers to develop ad campaigns in time for the January 2014 launch. PDB planned to spend $750,000 on advertising for Crescent in 2014 and used that figure as a benchmark earnings goal. If 2014 profits met or exceeded the goal, PDB would fund Crescent’s national expansion in 2015. US Beverage Industry: Non Alcoholic In 2013, the non-alcoholic beverage market—which included water, dairy, juice, soda, and functional beverages — was estimated to be $131 billion and was projected to grow to $164 billion by 2018.2 This market had suffered due to restrained consumer spending during the economic recession, but the trend was slowly reversing as the economy recovered. Many new products were launched in the segment by 2012. This wave of introductions was expected to continue into the foreseeable future. Distributing food and beverage products, which involved moving products from a manufacturing site into the hands of consumers, entailed many steps and varied by the size and influence of both retailers and manufacturers. In 2013, the largest U.S. retailers, known as â€Å"big box† retailers, often had their own product distribution systems in place to handle purchasing, transportation, and stocking. Specialization was common among brokers and distributors, and they often forged relationships with retailers and manufacturers within a niche segment. Some distributors focused on organic products. Others developed expertise in ethnic or gourmet offerings. When selling to consumers,  retailers added an average mark-up of 40% to products purchased from distributors. Ingredients and Packaging Packaged in a sleek, tall silver 8-ounce can with a simple crescent logo and lime green and orange accents, Crescent was a clear-coloured liquid. Its taste included a hint of fruit arid was is sweet than most fruit juice, cola, sports drinks, and energy drinks. Each can contained one 80-calorie serving. For flavour, Crescent contained lime juice, lemon juice, and small amounts of raw cane sugar and green tea. Ryan’s Approaches: Energy Drinks: Crescent delivers a boost of energy to combat fatigue and promote mental focus Positioning Crescent as on energy-enhancing beverage would reinforce existing perceptions from Oregon, who an informal consumer survey conducted at an outdoor music festival indicated consumers viewed â€Å"energy† as crescent’s most descriptive characteristic. Prices for energy drinks in the U.S. range from $2 to $5 per can, based on can size (8 oz., 12 oz., or 16 oz.) and retail outlet. The average price for 8 oz. of energy drink is $2.99, above our $2.75 price point. Thirty-four percent of the population said they consumed an energy beverage in the last six months; the projected market for energy drinks in 2013 is $8.5 billion. Most advertising for energy drinks targets the most enthusiastic consumers, men 18 to 24 years old. Visually startling images—think extreme sports participants—paired with loud rock music (when audio is available), reinforce a message th at implies â€Å"Our drinks help you do everything you want to do (even risky things!).† I think Crescent’s organic certification and minimal (as compared to leading competitors) caffeine content provide strong differentiators for the energy market. Our drink is a healthier alternative to leading brands, whose artificial sweeteners and excessive levels of stimulants are likely to prompt a subset of consumers to switch to healthier options. Sports Drinks: In 2012, the market for sports drinks was $6.3 billion; 42% if sports beverage drinkers considered sports drinks â€Å"anytime beverages† and did not associate them only with exercise. They attracted a wider consumer base than did energy drinks, and regular users consumed them more often. Sports drinks come in a variety of sizes and average $1.00 to $2.00 for 12-oz. and 24-oz. containers, respectively. Generally, ingredients  include water, sugar, and salt. Crescent’s hydrating elements, paired with the mental focus and energy boost, can enhance athletic performance. It can also stave off post-workout fatigue if consumed after exercise. (Fright and Razor, the market leaders, are touted as performance enhancing by ‘extreme sports’† professionals.) Perhaps Crescent’s low sugar content and all-natural ingredients can appeal to health-conscious consumers seeking healthier â€Å"anytime† beverages that are free from artificial ingredients and sweeteners. Crescent’s $2.75 price point for an 8-oz can will be significantly higher than are those of similarly sized sports drinks, so our positioning and advertising will hew to build the case for its premium price. Levor’s Key Findings: Taste: it appears Crescent’s taste appeals to most consumers. While some participants were notably more pleased with the taste, there were no unfavorable reactions. Energy content: About half the participants were initially concerned about the energy component. Once their learned the energy content was equal to the caffeine found in a cup of coffee, only 25% remained concerned. Older consumers said that they liked that Crescent was a healthy alternative to high-calorie, sugary energy drinks. Some younger consumers noted that Crescent had less energy than they had hoped. Customer profile: Several consumers said that Crescent was exactly what they wanted in a beverage: healthy ingredients, good taste, and a slight pick-me-up. This interest appeared to reflect a focus on health and wellness, and transcended a specific age or demographic profile. Price: Most participants knew the prices of competitive options and figured that due to Crescent’s organic and energy ingredients , the price would be above $3.00. Most were happily surprised, but some questioned PDB’s ability to deliver quality organic ingredients at $2.75.

Photography Research Paper

Section I A. Write the names of all the photography and photography-related careers that you are aware of. – Wedding photography, Under-water photography, Sports photography, General photo careers. B. Then do a preliminary research and write the names of at least 5 more photography-related careers. Commercial photography Portrait and family photography Pet, Animal and wildlife photography Police, Law enforcement and criminal forensic imaging photography Aerial photography C. Next, pick three of these careers and write three questions you have about each. Portrait and family photography- What makes a great family photo?What composition techniques are most important when considering family photo's. Is Family photography a good paying job? is it popular? Underwater Photography- What equipment is recomended for use underwater. What is your favorite object to take pictures of under-water. What challenges are presented when taking photos under-water. Aerial Photography- How do you t ake pictures from an aerial view? what methods are used to get higher up? What makes for a good subject from an aerial view? How much money would an aerial photographer make normally? Section II A. Marine Photographer: This job entails taking pictures under water. This job includes taking pictures underwater using either SCUBA or un-maned rovers with camera's. -Education and training requirements would include being SCUBA certified or certified to do whatever kind of diving needed to take the pictures. -The salary for a marine photographer in California is between 40, and 50,000$ -As an underwater photographer you are taking pictures of marine life for either research and survey purposes or simply to capture the beauty found in the ocean. Aerial Photographer: Taking photos from top views such as pictures from an airplane looking down. Training for this job includes a Four year degree, you must specialize in photography, Flight training is required as well as on-the-job sky photograp hy training. -Salary for this type of photographer ranges from 50,000 – 200,000. -As an aerial photographer you may spend your time personally contracting your work or taking pictures for a specific company. These photos may be used for Survey purposes or they may be per-request by a single person. This would be a difficult job to get into as it requires much training and experience. Portrait and family photography: These photographers take pictures of people, families, places, or events. photographers require a good eye for a picture and have excellent technical and photographic skills. They must have good communication and people skills. Photographers must be good with computer programs such as photoshop and be commercially aware and good at marketing themselves. -Salaries for family photographers range between 12,000 and 50,000 a year or more. -These photographers may fall under a specialized type of photography focusing on family photographery or they may be general photo graphers taking a wide aray of pictures including portrait and family photography. B.Marine Photographer: response from Robert Bailey Hi there, thanks for the kind words happy to help. How long have you been into photography? Since 1990, I've always been interested in photography since the age of 10 and when I took up diving there was no question that I would be taking a camera in the water to bring back the amazing scenes and show people my discoveries. How did you get your start in photography? As a youngster I always had the idea I would like to draw and was complete crap! I picked up a camera one day and realized I could express my artistic self through a camera.I've never looked back. I remember the first time someone referred to me as an artist as being very significant. What are your key interests within the business? Although I am not a professional my work has been published, and I have worked intermittantly on professional projects on land and underwater. I associate with a quite a few professionals. I am always interested to see what sells in the market. You'd be surprised by what sells, opposed to what people like to hang on their walls. Pricing yourself in the market is important. Many pros complain people give their images away and devalue the market.I am always interested in what companies are willing to pay for. I often consult with professionals before I sell images to magazines. Where do you do most of your work? The majority of my work is done in UK waters. I live and work in the UK so it makes sense to take advantage of all the area has to offer. I do work overseas periodically, but I prefer cooler climates. One goal I have is to dive under sea ice in the Arctic, or Antarctic. What do you enjoy most about this type of photography? Being underwater is like no other environment, there's no distraction with mobile phones, and people talking.I like the challenge of being able to dive in harsh environments and show people the beauty, especially in the UK, as many feel it's often dark and gloomy and there's no colour. What is the most important thing to remember to get a good image? The single most important element in getting a good underwater picture is to get close to your subject, generally a maximum of three feet for most subjects, sometimes inches away. It depends on the size of the subject you are shooting. Obviously a 30 foot basking shark is different than a one inch shrimp.The other thing is all about understanding light, whether you are using artificial light,, or natural light, or balancing the two. The next thing to consider is the background and whether the subject is accessible or not. We try very hard as underwater photographers to not damage the environment for the sake of a picture. What is your favorite photograph of your own and why? I don't have one particular favourite. This changes all the time as the obsession to keep creating new material. I like the close up pictures of Lemon sharks I have done in black and white. There are so many others, hard to say really.Some the ones which has won national competitions are no longer my favourites as I think I can do better now. What types of equipment would you recommend for use under-water? My wife shoots with a Canon S95 and a simple housing, and make great pictures. I use a Nikon D300, Inon Z240 Strobes, and a variety of lenses. My my most used lenses are the Nikkor 60 mm macro for close up and small subjects. For wide angle work I use a Tokina 10-17mm. I'd like to stress good pictures are not about the equipment, it's all about the photographer. People often look at a good image and say you must have a good camera.This isn't the case. The camera is a the tool, the photogapher is the craftsman. You don't have to spend a lot of money to get good pictures. You have to invest the time, understand the local conditions, and know your subject. What is your favorite object to take pictures of under water? There are too many to list. I like s harks, shrimps, seals, sea slugs, fish, divers, wrecks when the visibility permits. What challenges are presented when taking photo's under-water? First of all, we aren't designed to be underwater. We are land creatures. So the first challenge is you need to be a skilled diver.All your equipment, bouyancy control in the water, air management needs to be spot on, otherwise you will never make a good image. Then there's the currents, tide, visibility, the cold, and the weather. Then there's the subject, most of which are always moving, and hardly ever where you want them, when you want them. I can honestly say making pictures underwater is probably more challenging than any other environment. I think this is why I am so obsessive about doing it, it's not easy. I really hope this helps you. Am happy to discuss further after work of course. If you need some images I will help you out. Don't hesitate to call me.Regards, RB How I Found Robert Bailey: I found Robert Bailey on â€Å"Underw aterPhotography. com† C. Underwater photography as a career in photography seems like the most interesting choice. I am currently a diver and find I am most comfortable while in the water. The best thing about capturing an image of a diver in clear water is the fact that it looks as though the diver is flying. This is an unnatural environment for humans and can be dangerous and to be able to capture the beauty in it is amazing. Bibliography URL (www. robertbaileyphotography. com). Robert Bailey, 11-27-12 Bailey, Robert. Underwater photographer. 11-27-12

Othello study question

There are three mall reasons for why Ago hates Othello. The first being that Ago deeply believes that there used to be an affair between his wife Email and Othello. While there is no actual evidence to support the affair, the fact that Ago believes it happened supports the fact that he is very paranoid and might be searching for reasons to hate Othello. The second is that Othello denied Ago a promotion he believes he very much deserved.The fact that Othello gives the promotion to Cassia is what leads Ago to take out revenge on both. The third (and most obvious reason to me) Is the simple fact that Othello Is a Moor (black) and Ago Is angry act the fact Othello has authority over him and is praised by the other characters. On line 1. 3. 322, Ago meant that we get to choose who we want to be and that whatever we nurture becomes our nature. Ago chose to warn Othello because he is two-faced and wants to remain on Othello side just long enough to take him down. . Line 1. 2. 60, spoken by Othello, means that neither Barbarian or Ordering had ever drawn there swords before. Othello is mocking them because they are both inexperienced and are pulling out shiny new swords against a great warrior. Act 2 1 . Ago (who we all know to be a sexist by now) Is very cynical towards females and views them all as meaningless. We can tell from way he treats his wife that he Is unappreciative of women. He Is also very critical and engrave towards all women, believing them to be nothing but deceptive.On line Ago describes women as being â€Å"pictures out of doors, bells in your parlors, wildcats in your kitchens, saints in your injuries, devils being offended, Players in your housewife, and housewives in your beds† (all deceptive and unfaithful creatures). . Shakespeare reveals Sago's true character through soliloquies because they give Ago a chance to actually be honest outside of his deceptive character in the main story.This is where the dramatic irony of the drama comes fr om. Sago's soliloquies also further the motif of the contrast between light and darkness (Ago revealing in his soliloquies the darkness of his heart matches the darkness of Othello skin, making them opposites Inside and out and how most of lagans evil plans are set Into motion at night, the physical representation of Sago's Inner personality). All of this

Buddhism vs. Judaism Essay

Two of the most earliest religions are Buddhism and Judaism. Buddhism and Judaism were started in different years and places and also have different beliefs. Buddhism was started in 560 B.C.E, in Nepal by Siddhartha Gautama who later came to be known as the â€Å"Buddha†, or the â€Å"Awakened one.† Buddhism doesn’t believe in a God and are just followers of Siddhartha Gautama. Siddhartha got his followers from his father’s kingdom and later called the religion Buddhism. A growing number of schools of philosophy taught this new way of thinking. Buddha went around India spreading Buddhism and his followers followed his lead and spread the word of religion too. Buddhism is spread by word of mouth, personal contact with a person who practices the religion, not TV commercials, or newspaper ads, or the internet. Buddhism is a focuse on a philosophy of life. The word Buddha means The Enlightened One. In Buddhism they’re reborn from a previous life until they reach the state of nirvana which is the extinction of all desire and release from suffering. A person practicing the Buddhist religion is striving to bring forth his or her Buddha nature so that he or she will always be in that world. Once a person is Enlightened or a Buddha, then they strive to bring as many other people to that state as possible through whatever peaceful means they can with wisdom and forethought. Being enlightened is supposed to be a very peaceful state of mind to be in. Although persecutions can be great when a person becomes a Buddha because beginning a Buddhist practice is easy, but continuing is difficult. If you’re successfully practicing devils and demons will try to knock you off of your path, this is how you will know you’re practicing the religion correctly. On the other hand Judaism was started in 2000 B.C.E, led by Abraham in the Mesopotamian region. Judaism believed in a God named Yahweh and their holy book the Torah. The main difference is that Judaism is a strictly monotheistic faith meaning the belief in only one God.